Why Photovoltaic Solar Power Systems Can Create A Practical Solar Energy House
Home photovoltaic generation systems are an investment that not only profits you, but the environment around you as well. But, how does the system actually work and what are its elements ? A home solar power system has four components : photovoltaic panels, charging controller, battery pack and an inverter.
Natural energy from the sun is assimilated by the photovoltaic panels, which convert it into electricity. The charging controller gets the electricity from the panels and it holds the battery pack on full but does not overload it. The inverter receives the electricity from the battery pack and modify the DC voltage to household AC at 120 volts and 60 hertz.
What are the Components ?
Photovoltaic panel
The cost of a solar panel varies upon its wattage. The higher the wattage the more you must pay for the panel. The great number of the producers give the wattage in terms of peak sun hours. The hours in which the sun is directly overhead and shining straight on the photovoltaic panel are called the peak sun hours.
Charging controller
Charging controller plays a very important role in the home solar power system. It provides electricity from the panels to the batteries and lessens over charging of the battery pack.
It also stops the electricity from flowing back to the panels when it’s cloudy or dark.
Solar panels should never be linked to the battery pack without using a charging controller because this can cause permanent damage to the batteries and they’ll possibly explode.
Battery pack
The battery pack typically contains lead acid batteries and it store electricity produced by the solar panels throughout the day. The kept electricity is used when sunlight is not present.
The batteries used with home solar power systems need to be deep cycle. Deep cycle batteries discharge to almost empty and slowly recharge. They are created to manipulate this cycle thousands of times before the battery is worn out. Car batteries do not operate the same way and they cannot be used in place of deep cycle batteries.
Inverter
An inverter’s function is to transform DC electricity stored in the battery pack into 120V AC. Apart from a few things like stove, oven, air conditioner and dryer, everything else runs on 120V.
There are two basic kinds of inverters sine wave and modified sine wave. The electricity that we get from the grid is sine wave. Modified sine wave is also called a square wave and it is more energy efficient than the sine wave inverter. Modified sine wave inverters will operate with majority of the household devices. But , the efficacy will be lesser than sine wave.
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